• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method for coating treatment of a gripping surface of a gripping tool includes: provisionally and uniformly fixing a plurality of first diamond grains (4) with a uniform first grain diameter in such a way that tips of the first diamond grains (4) can be aligned; Attaching the first diamond grains (4) by applying nickel-containing metal to a gripping surface in a uniform thickness, which does not exceed the first grain diameter, after the first diamond grains (4) have been temporarily fixed; Placing a plurality of second diamond grains (11) with a second grain diameter smaller than the first grain diameter on a metal surface of the gripping surface on which there are no first diamond grains (4) and which is formed by applying a nickel-containing metal after the first diamond grains (4) were fixed; and fixing the second diamond grains by further applying a nickel-containing metal in a second coating solution on the metal surface in a uniform thickness, which does not exceed the first diamond grains (4), and the second diamond grains (11), until a positional relationship between the metal surface and the second diamond grains (11) is not changed even when the gripping tool is moved.
    公开号:CH711268B1
    申请号:CH00118/16
    申请日:2016-01-29
    公开日:2020-08-14
    发明作者:Konno Takashi
    申请人:Just co ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Background of the invention
    Field of invention
    The present invention relates to methods of coating treatment of the gripping surface of the gripper and the gripper.
    Description of the prior art
    For surgical operations in the context of neurosurgery, cardiac surgery and the like used gripping tools contain a needle holder, which is a tool for gripping a sewing needle, micro-tweezers (pliers) that are used in an operation, and Something like that. A preferred method for further improving a gripping force is required in particular for medical gripping tools that are used in operations (microsurgery) in which the main focus is on fine movements and sensations in the fingertips under an objective, in particular a microscope, an endoscope or the like.
    As a needle holder, a gripping surface (chip) is used, which is suitable for the size of a sewing needle that is used according to the type of operation. As shown in Fig. 10, there are needle holder gripping surfaces which are suitable for sewing needle sizes from 5 to 0 and from 0-2 to 0-12. With some needle holders, the gripping surface of the needle holder for a sewing needle is larger than size 0-10 structured in such a way that projections in the form of a square pyramid are soldered onto the gripping surface and the square pyramids are connected to one another (see # 2.500 to # 16.000 in Fig . 10). The number after the # in Fig. 10 means the number of vertical and horizontal lines per square inch. For example, # 16,000 means that the number of vertical and horizontal lines per square inch is 1,600, and that the length of one of the bottom sides of the square pyramid in this case is about 1.6 µm.
    As a related method, for example, the Japanese patent application laid-open publication 2012-90724 shows a microsurgical instrument which can reduce the stress on the fingertips, in particular the stress on the thumb, an arm being equipped with an attachable and detachable support element, so that sensation and Movement of the fingertips, and especially the feeling of the thumb, can focus on opening and closing movements at the tip.
    In addition, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-239279 proposes medical tweezers in which a grip part on a tip of the tweezers grips a living tissue with an appropriate force by providing opening and closing means which are elastic Open and close element so that surgical operation can be easily performed without damaging living tissue.
    Disclosure of the invention
    A method for plating treatment of a gripping surface of a gripping tool according to a first aspect of the invention includes: placing the gripping tool at the bottom of a first coating solution, which is an electroplating solution with nickel ions as a main component, so that the gripping surface can assume a horizontal position - on the gripping surface - placing a plurality of first diamond grains with a uniform grain diameter in an amount that can cover the gripping surface, and provisionally fixing the first diamond grains on the gripping surface by applying nickel to the gripping surface in a state in which the gripping surface remains stationary until a positional relationship between the gripping surface and the first diamond grains is not changed even when the gripping tool is moved; Removing first diamond grains that were not provisionally fixed after provisionally fixing the first diamond grains, placing - at the bottom of the plating solution containing nickel ions as a main component, or in a second plating solution, which is a solution for electroless plating, which is a Forms a nickel alloy film through autocatalysis - of the gripping tool in such a way that the gripping surface assumes a horizontal position, and fixing the first diamond grains to the gripping surface by further applying a nickel-containing metal within the second coating solution to the gripping surface in a uniform thickness that does not match the first grain diameter exceeds; at the bottom of the second coating solution - placing the gripping tool such that the gripping surface assumes a horizontal position after the first diamond grains have been attached; and placing a plurality of second diamond grains having a second grain diameter smaller than the first grain diameter on a metal surface of the gripping surface on which the first diamond grains are absent and which is formed by applying the nickel-containing metal, and fixing the second diamond grains to the metal surface by further Applying the nickel-containing metal in the second coating solution to the metal surface in a uniform thickness which does not exceed the first grain diameter and the second grain diameter until a positional relationship between the metal surface and the second diamond grains is not changed upon movement of the gripping tool.
    In a gripping tool according to a second aspect of the invention, a plurality of first diamond grains with a uniform first grain diameter equal to or smaller than 140 microns are attached to a gripping surface through a nickel-containing metal layer with a thickness that does not exceed the first grain diameter in one state , in which the first diamond grains make contact with the gripping surface and are evenly distributed in such a way that tips of the first diamond grains can be aligned, and several second diamond grains with a second grain diameter smaller than the first grain diameter are attached to the nickel-containing metal layer by a nickel-containing metal layer Gripping surface on which the first diamond grains are not present, in a uniform thickness, which has the effect that heads of the diamond grains with the first grain diameter and the second grain diameter can protrude.
    Brief description of the drawings
    Fig. 1A is an illustrative diagram of a preprocess (degreasing).<tb> Fig. 1B <SEP> is an explanatory diagram of a masking process of acid treatment.<tb> Fig. 1C <SEP> is an explanatory diagram of a first coating process (provisional fixing).<tb> Fig. 1D <SEP> is an illustrative diagram of a second coating process (fusing).
    Fig. 2A is an explanatory diagram of a third coating process (fixing).<tb> Fig. 2B <SEP> is an explanatory diagram of a mask removing process.<tb> Fig. 2C <SEP> is a gold plating process.
    Fig. 3A is an explanatory diagram for a gripping force applied in the case where an object is gripped with a gripping tool.<tb> Fig. 3B <SEP> is an enlarged conceptual view of a gripping surface when the object is easily gripped.<tb> Fig. 3C <SEP> is an enlarged conceptual view of the gripping surface when the object is firmly gripped.
    Fig. 4A illustrates an example of a structure of a cross section of the gripping surface to which only first diamond grains are attached.<tb> Fig. 4B <SEP> illustrates a structure of a cross-sectional layer of the gripping surface to which a second grain diameter and the first diamond grains and second diamond grains are attached (the second particle size ≈ first particle size / 10).<tb> Fig. 4C <SEP> illustrates a structure of a cross-sectional layer of the gripping surface to which the first diamond grains and the second diamond grains are attached (second particle size = first particle size / 3).
    Fig. 5A is an explanatory diagram of a gripping force measuring method of a sewing thread.<tb> Fig. 5B <SEP> illustrates measurement results (of a sewing thread) of gripping forces of a product coated according to the present invention and an uncoated product.
    Figure 6A is an illustrative diagram of a gripping force measurement method for stainless steel foil, paper, and chicken skin.<tb> Fig. 6B <SEP> illustrates measurement results of gripping forces of a stainless steel foil that has been coated according to the invention and a non-coated stainless steel foil.<tb> Fig. 6C <SEP> illustrates measurement results of gripping forces of coated paper and uncoated paper according to the invention.<tb> Fig. 6D <SEP> illustrates measurement results of gripping forces of chicken skin coated according to the invention and non-coated chicken skin.
    Fig. 7A is a photograph showing an example of a micro-needle holder.<tb> Fig. 7B <SEP> is a photograph illustrating an example of a microneedle holder for a depth range.
    Fig. 8A is a photograph of a needle holder on which the coating treating method according to the present invention was carried out.<tb> Fig. 8B <SEP> is an enlarged photograph of the gripping surface of the needle holder according to the invention.
    Fig. 9A is a photograph of an existing needle holder (with ultra-hard powder soldered thereon).<tb> Fig. 9B <SEP> is a photograph showing a state in which the existing needle holder is opened.<tb> Fig. 9C <SEP> is an enlarged photograph of a gripping surface of the existing needle holder.
    Fig. 10 illustrates gripping surfaces suitable for different sewing needle sizes in a needle holder for a comparative example.
    Fig. 11A illustrates an example of micro-forceps for sewing with a locking mechanism for holding a sewing needle.<tb> Fig. 11B <SEP> illustrates an example of micro-pliers which is not provided with a locking mechanism and is used for purposes other than sewing.<tb> Fig. 11C <SEP> illustrates an example of a deep area micro-forceps used in an operation on the brain such as B. the pituitary gland.
    Fig. 12A is a photograph showing an example of an area on which the coating treatment method according to the invention was carried out.<tb> Fig. 12B <SEP> is a photograph of another example of the area on which the coating process according to the present invention was carried out.<tb> <SEP> Fig. 12C is a photograph illustrating another example of the area on which the coating treatment method of the present invention was carried out.
    Description of exemplary embodiments
    Embodiments according to the invention are explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.
    <first embodiment>
    1A to 1D are illustrative diagrams (No. 1) for the entirety of a coating treatment method of a gripping surface of a gripping tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2A to 2C are explanatory diagrams (No. 2) of the entirety of the coating treatment method for a gripping surface of a gripping tool according to the embodiment of the invention.
    The entirety of the coating treatment method for a gripping surface of a gripping tool according to the invention will be explained in the order of the processes shown in Figs. 1A to 1D and 2A to 2C.
    1A shows a degreasing process. The degreasing process is a process for removing oil and fat that is located on a gripping surface of a gripping part 1 to be coated. The degreasing process may be a dip degreasing process that does not use a solvent, or it may be degreasing using only an alkaline solution such as electro-degreasing or the like, in addition to solvent degreasing using a chlorinated organic solvent , for example trichlorethylene or the like. Different types of alkaline agents are combined and used for an immersion degreasing bath. However, if degreasing is not fully achieved with just an alkaline immersion degreasing, electro degreasing takes place as the final degreasing.
    Fig. 1B illustrates a masking process and acid treatment. The masking process is a process which serves to cover an area on which the coating treatment process is not to be carried out and for using a masking member 2 to cover an area of a gripping surface on which the coating treatment process is not to be carried out. Examples of the masking member 2 include a masking tape, a masking coating material, and the like. Acid treatment is a treatment used to activate a metal surface. The acid treatment is carried out, for example, by immersing a metal plate in a hydrochloric acid solution of about 20 percent.
    Fig. 1C illustrates a first coating treatment (provisional fixing). In the first coating treatment process (provisional fixing), a plurality of first diamond grains 4 with a uniform first grain diameter are placed on an upper side in an amount that covers the upper side of the gripping part 1 (metal plate), which is located at the bottom of a first coating solution 3, in which it is an electroplating solution containing nickel as its main component, in such a way that the gripping surfaces are horizontal. The shape and the grain diameter of the first diamond grains 4 are not particularly limited. However, a shape like that of a regular hexahedron is preferred, with a first grain diameter of a few μm to 140 μm being preferred. The variation in grain diameter is uniform at a normally accepted level at which diamond grains can be screened out. Diamond grains are screened out according to, for example, JIS B 4130-1982 (grain size of diamond or cubic boron nitride). Compositions for the first coating solution 3 contain, for example, nickel sulfate, NiSO46H2O; Nickel chloride N1Cl2 · 6H2O; Nickel sulfamate; an additive; and the same.
    The gripping part 1, which is located at the bottom of the first coating solution 3, is connected to a power supply 6 via, for example, a conductive wire 5, and a positive pole 7 made of nickel is located on top or on one side of the first coating solution 3, while the handle part 1 acts as a negative pole. By performing electroplating in a state in which the handle part 1 is stationary, nickel is deposited on the gripping surface until the gripping part 1 is not displaced in the first coating solution 3 despite movement. Then, the first diamond grains 4 are provisionally fixed to the gripping surface by forming a nickel layer 8 on a surface of the gripping surface other than the surface with which the first diamond grains 4 are in contact on the gripping surface. A thickness of the nickel layer 8 is, for example, 5 μm here.
    In the first coating process (provisional fixation), a distribution density is adjusted to a desired density by adjusting the first grain diameter, a duration of the provisional fixation, the strength of an electric current, or the like. When the distribution density of the first diamond grains is increased, the gripping force becomes more uniform over all locations of the gripping surface. This is preferred, for example, for a needle holder that grips a sewing needle or a sewing thread. In addition, the gripping force for a living tissue is improved by appropriately reducing the distribution density of the first diamond grains 4. This is suitable for micro-forceps such as forceps or the like.
    Next, unnecessary first diamond grains 4 that are not provisionally fixed are removed after the first coating process (provisional fixing) as shown in Fig. 1C, and the procedure goes to a second coating treatment process (Fixing) as shown in Fig. 1D. The second coating treatment process (fixing) is a process for securely fixing, on the gripping surface, the first diamond grains 4 temporarily fixed by the first coating treatment process (provisional fixing).
    As shown in Fig. 1D, the gripping part 1 from which the unnecessary first diamond grains 4 have been removed is placed in the bottom of the plating solution containing nickel ions as a main component or in a second plating solution 9 which is a solution is for electroless plating that is used to form a nickel alloy film by autocatalysis, the placement being so that the gripping surface is horizontal. A metal is preferably deposited by both electroplating and electroless plating, accordingly the thickness of the nickel layer 8 and the metal layer 9, counting from the gripping surface, cannot exceed the first grain diameter of the first diamond grains 4, and the thickness, for example, about 55 to 65 percent of the first grain diameter.
    Fig. 1D illustrates the state in which the positive terminal 7 and the gripping part 2 are connected to the power supply 6 via the lead wire 5. This figure represents the case of electroplating. A material of the positive pole 7 is selected so that it matches the compositions of the second coating solution 9. In the case of electroless plating, the lead wire 5, the power supply 6 and the positive terminal 7 are not required, and the temperature of the solution 9 is maintained at 60 to 90 ° C. A metal is coated by autocatalysis. In electroplating, the speed at which a nickel-containing metal is deposited on the surface of the negative pole 1 is set by regulating the current intensity between the positive pole 7 and the negative pole 1. In electroless plating, a nickel-containing metal is applied to the gripping part 1 without feeding an electric current dejected. Both electroplating and electroless plating are used so that a metal layer 10 having a uniform thickness can be formed.
    In the first plating process (provisional fixing) shown in FIG. 1C and the second plating process (fixing) shown in FIG. 1D, it is preferable to adjust the concentration of a nickel solution, a surfactant or the like, which has been added in order to aggregate the To prevent diamond grains.
    Examples of compositions of the second coating solution 9 as an electroplating solution contain nickel sulfate, NiSO4 · 6H2O; Nickel chloride N1Cl2 · 6H2O; Nickel sulfamate Ni (NH2SO3) 2; Cobalt sulfate CoSO4; Boric acid H3BO3; an additive; and the same. When electroless plating is selected as the second plating process, a plating solution comprising a Ni-P alloy film, a Ni-P-Co alloy film, a Ni-W alloy film, a Ni-BW alloy film, or a Ni-P alloy film can be used. PBW alloy film forms. In addition, both the electroplating process and the electroless plating process are used, so that a multilayer film of nickel and a nickel alloy such as e.g. Ni-P alloy, Ni-Co alloy, Ni-W alloy, Ni-B-W alloy, Ni-P-B alloy, or the like can be formed. By forming a multilayer film of nickel alloy, the holding force of the diamond grains is improved.
    Fig. 2A illustrates a third coating process, (fusing). The third plating process (fixing) is a process of attaching a plurality of second diamond grains 11 to the top of the gripping part 1 (the metal plate) by placing a plurality of second diamond grains 11 in recesses between tips of the first diamond grains 4 that are evenly attached have a second grain diameter smaller than the first grain diameter, and in which a nickel-containing metal is deposited to form a metal layer 12. The thickness of the metal layer 12 is here a thickness which does not exceed the second grain diameter. For example, a thickness of about 55 to 65 percent of the second grain diameter is preferred.
    The second grain diameter is preferably a tenth, a third or the like of the first grain diameter. When the second grain diameter is one tenth of the first grain diameter, the second diamond grains 11 are fixed by forming the metal layer 12 on the metal layer 10 by the third coating (fixing) process shown in FIG. 2A. Alternatively, when the second grain diameter is one third of the first grain diameter, the second diamond grains 11 are attached by performing a third coating (fixing) process shown in FIG. 2A after the first coating process (provisional fixing) shown in FIG. 1C, now for the second diamond grains 11 following the second coating (fixing) process shown in FIG. 1D.
    By performing the coating process, heads (tips) of the first diamond grains 4 attached to the gripping surface and having a large grain diameter can be aligned with heads (tips) of the second diamond grains 11 which are small in grain diameter. By aligning the heads of the first diamond grains 4 with the heads of the second diamond grains 11, a substantial contact area is increased. As a result, the gripping force of the entire zone within the gripping surface increases uniformly, a stable gripping characteristic can be achieved, and the area of a metal layer exposed to the surface is reduced, which improves the wear resistance.
    Note that the heads of the second diamond grains 11 having a small grain diameter can be aligned at a position lower than the heads of the first diamond grains 4 attached to the gripping surface and having a large grain diameter when the third coating process is performed. This increases the gripping force with which a living tissue such as e.g. a biological membrane, blood vessels or the like is gripped. This is preferred for a coating process of a gripping surface of a gripping tool which contains a living tissue such as e.g. grips a biological membrane, blood vessel or the like.
    Figure 2B illustrates a mask removal process. After the process of attaching the first diamond grains 4 or the first diamond grains 4 and the second diamond grains 11 to the gripping part (metal plate) 1, a masking tape or a masking material is removed.
    Figure 2C illustrates a gold plating process. Gold plating occurs on the surface where the second plating process or the second plating process and the third plating process have taken place. The gold-plated gripping surface can avoid biological reaction of nickel. Accordingly, gold plating is preferable, for example, as a surface treatment of a tool such as a needle holder, micro-tweezers (forceps) or the like, which are medical grasping tools. Performing gold plating on a gripping tool also acts as a mark that the gripping tool has been subjected to a plating process according to the invention. It should be noted that instead of gold, platinum, rhodium or the like can also be used as the coating metal, i.e. a material that avoids a biological reaction of nickel.
    A relationship between a gripping force and a friction coefficient will be described below.
    3A to 3C are explanatory diagrams of a relationship among a frictional force, a gripping surface, and a gripping force. 3A is an explanatory diagram of the gripping force applied when an object is gripped with a gripping tool. 3B is an enlarged view of a gripping surface when the object is lightly gripped. 3C is an enlarged view of a gripping surface when the object is firmly gripped.
    As shown in Fig. 3A, the object is gripped by the gripping tool 20 with a force having a load w in the vertical direction. When the object is pulled toward the left with a tension F, the gripping tool 20 pulls the gripped object toward the right with a frictional force.
    Here, as the gripping force, a pulling force F (gw) is defined which is applied when the gripped object starts to slide if the force pulling the object with the gripping tool 20 to the right is increased while the load w (gw), with which the gripping tool 20 grips the object in the vertical direction, is kept constant. Assuming that the load applied by a tip area to a gripped object and a coefficient of friction have the values "w" and "µ", respectively, the gripping force F of the gripping tool is represented as follows, since the object is gripped with both tip areas:F = 2 × µw (1)
    According to the formula (1) it can be seen that the gripping force F of the gripping tool is increased when the coefficient of friction μ becomes larger.
    As can be seen in Fig. 7B, when the object is easily gripped by the gripping tool 20, the gripped object makes contact with the gripping surface of the gripping tool 20 only at the tips of the first diamond grains 4 which are on the gripping surface of the gripping tool 20 are attached. If, according to FIG. 3C, the object is firmly gripped by the gripping tool 20, the gripped object makes contact with the gripping surface of the gripping tool 20 at both the tips of the first diamond grains 4 and the tips of the second diamond grains 11.
    Comparing FIGS. 3B and 3C, it is also clear that the coefficient of friction μ increases with an increase in the contact area when the load w applied by the gripping tool 20 to the gripped object increases.
    In Fig. 3B, even if the gripped object is a rigid body in the form of a plate or a rod, the contact area remains unchanged even if the load w applied by the gripping tool 20 to the gripped object increases. It can therefore be seen that the coefficient of friction µ is almost constant.
    If now a living tissue such as e.g. a biological membrane, blood vessel or the like is gripped, the shape of the gripped object varies as the strength of the gripping force increases. As the contact area increases, it can be seen that the coefficient of friction µ assumes a larger value.
    Further, in a living tissue such as a biological membrane, a blood vessel or the like, there is a viscous liquid such as e.g. Blood, lymph or the like on the gripping surface of the gripping tool. It can thus be seen that the gripping force F of the gripping tool in actual medical equipment is related to a sum of the load w applied by the gripping tool 20 to the gripped object and an adhesive force exerted by a viscous liquid such as e.g. Blood, lymph and the like is generated.
    Layer structures of the gripping surfaces are described below.
    4A to 4C are explanatory diagrams of layer structures of diamond grains attached to a gripping surface after the coating treatment method according to the embodiment of the invention is carried out. In FIGS. 4A to 4C, the metal layer 12 and the gold coating 13, which are shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C, have been omitted for better understanding.
    Fig. 4A illustrates an example of a structure of a cross section when only the first diamond grains 4 are attached. In the structure of the cross section of Fig. 4A, the plurality of first diamond grains 4 are fixed to the gripping surface by a metal layer having a thickness of 55 to 65 percent of the first grain diameter in a state in which the heads (tips) of the first diamond grains 4 are aligned . Since the heads (tips) of the first diamond grains 4 are aligned with a gripping surface in the attached state, a stable gripping force can be achieved over the entire gripping surface.
    Fig. 4B illustrates an example of a structure of a cross section of the gripping surface on which the first diamond grains 4 and the second diamond grains 11 having a second grain diameter of one tenth of the first grain diameter are fixed. In the structure of the cross section of FIG. 4B, the plurality of second diamond grains 11 are located at a position below that of the heads of the plurality of first diamond grains 4 in such a state that the heads (tips) of the second diamond grains 11 are aligned between the first diamond grains 4 attached in a state in which the heads (tips) of the first diamond grains 4 are aligned. In the example of the structure of the cross section of Fig. 4B, the heads (tips) of the first diamond grains 4 are aligned when the object is lightly gripped. Therefore, a stable gripping force can be obtained over the entire gripping surface. Alternatively, when the object is firmly gripped, the second diamond grains are fixed at the position deeper than the position of the heads of the first diamond grains 4 in a state in which the heads (tips) of the second diamond grains 11 are aligned. Accordingly, a strong gripping force can be exerted because there are spaces on the gripping surface into which a biological tissue penetrates. The second diamond grains 11 cover the metal layer 12 exposed on the surface, whereby the wear resistance can be improved.
    Fig. 4C illustrates an example of a structure of a cross section of the gripping surface to which the first diamond grains 4 and the second diamond grains 11 having a second diameter of one third of the first grain diameter are attached. In the structure of the cross section of Fig. 4C, the first diamond grains 4 and the second diamond grains 11 are fixed in a state in which the heads (tips) of both the first diamond grains 4 and the second diamond grains 11 are aligned with each other. In the example of the structure of the cross section of Fig. 4C, the heads (tips) of both the first diamond grains 4 and the second diamond grains 11 attached to the gripping surface are aligned. Therefore, an actual contact area with a gripped object increases, so that a more stable gripping force than in the structure of the cross section of FIG. 4A can be achieved over the entire gripping area.
    The following explains evaluations of the gripping tool on which the coating treatment process of the present invention was carried out.
    A method for a gripping force measurement test and results of the measurement for the gripping force will be described with reference to FIGS. 5A, 5B and 6A to 6D. 5A and 5B illustrate an explanation of a method for measuring a gripping force of a sewing thread, and results of a measurement according to the invention and a measurement of a comparative example, respectively.
    Fig. 5A is an explanatory diagram of the method of measuring a gripping force of a sewing thread.
    A push-pull dynamometer 31 is constructed so that a constriction load with which a gripping part 32 pinches a sewing thread 33 can be measured. The gripping surface of the gripping part 32 is in the shape of a circle with a diameter of 1.5 mm and has a circular area set to ϕ 1.5. In addition, a sewing thread with a standard thickness of 0.148 mm in diameter is used as the sewing thread 33.
    A leftward force is applied to the push-pull dynamometer 31 in a state in which the sewing thread 33 is gripped by the gripping part 32, and an upward force is applied to a weight 35 via a pulley 34 of 25 g applied. The weight 35 is placed on an electronic balance 36 and is used to recognize that the weight 35 is starting to move up.
    The constriction force that is applied when the electronic balance 36 detects that the weight 35 begins to move in the upward direction due to the force acting to the left on the push-pull dynamometer 31 during a change in the constriction force with which the Gripping part 32 pinched the suture 33 was measured.
    5B illustrates measurement results of a constriction force applied to an unprocessed gripping surface of a gripping part equivalent to an existing product, and measurement results of the gripping surface to which only the first diamond grains with a grain diameter of 30 µm or 50 µm are attached, and the coating treatment process of the present invention was performed. In FIG. 5B, for the unmachined gripping surface of the gripping part, the clamping force required to lift a weight of 20 g had to be approximately 60 g in accordance with the existing product. In the gripping surface to which the diamond grains with a grain diameter of 30 µm were attached and the plating method according to the present invention was carried out, a clamping force necessary for lifting a weight of 20 g was about 5.0 g. In the gripping surface with diamond grains having a grain diameter of 50 µm, on which the plating process according to the present invention was carried out, a clamping force required to lift a weight of 20 g was approximately 4.0 g. That is, for both gripping surfaces with diamond grains with a grain diameter of 30 µm or 50 µm using the plating method according to the invention, the clamping force required to lift a weight of 20 g is approximately one tenth of the clamping force for the unmachined gripping surface of the gripping part corresponding to the existing product.
    In other words, the coefficient of friction µ of the gripping surface processed by the plating method according to the invention was approximately 10 times as much as the coefficient of friction of the non-processed gripping surface of the gripping part corresponding to the existing product.
    6A to 6D illustrate an explanation of a gripping force measuring method for a stainless steel foil, paper and chicken skin, as well as measurement results for the method of the present invention and a comparative example.
    The push-pull dynamometer 31 is configured such that a constricting or clamping force with which the gripping part 32 can measure the gripped sample (stainless steel foil, paper or chicken skin) 40 prepared in the form of a strip . The gripping surface of the gripping part 32 has the shape of a circle with a diameter of 1.5 mm and has a circular area which is set to ϕ 1.5. The weight 35 is attached to one end of a thread 37 made of 100% polyester so that no load can be applied, the other end of the thread 37 is attached to the strip-shaped gripped sample 40, and the gripped sample 40 is carried by the gripping member 32 pinched by an optional pinching force. It is then observed whether the weight 35 can hold continuously after it has been released. The push-pull dynamometer 31 measured a clamping force that was applied when the weight 35 could no longer be held while the clamping force was changed.
    6B illustrates measurement results of a clamping load of the gripped sample 40 made of 1 cm × 1.5 cm stainless steel foil (MISUMI SUS304H Shim Tape 370 to 420 HV with a thickness of 0.003 mm) for an untreated gripping surface of a gripping part according to the comparative example, and also a clamping load of the gripped sample 40 for a gripping surface that has been treated with the coating method according to the invention.
    In the comparative example, a clamping or constricting load which is necessary for clamping the stainless steel foil so that it continuously holds a weight of 50 g is about 190 g. In the gripping surface with attached diamond grains having a grain diameter of 30 µm or 50 µm and a plating treatment according to the invention, a clamping load required to lift a weight of 50 g is about 60 g. For both gripping surfaces with diamond grains with a grain diameter of 30 μm or 50 μm, treated with the plating process according to the invention, the constriction load for the stainless steel foil for lifting a weight of 50 g is approximately one third of the clamping load of the unprocessed gripping surface of the gripping part corresponding to the existing one Product.
    6C illustrates measurement results of a clamping load of the gripped sample made of 1 cm × 1.5 cm paper (copy paper GAAA 5009, manufactured by FUJI Xerox with a thickness of 0.08 mm) for the untreated gripping surface of the gripping part according to the comparative example and also, it illustrates a clamping load for the gripped sample with respect to the gripping surface to which the diamond grains having a grain diameter of 30 µm or 50 µm were attached and on which the plating process of the present invention was carried out.
    In the comparative example, the clamping load that is necessary to clamp the paper so that it holds a weight of 50 g at all times is about 135 g. With a gripping surface with diamond grains with a grain diameter of 30 μm or 50 μm and treated with the plating method according to the invention, the clamping force for lifting a weight of 50 g is approximately 45 g. Both for the gripping surfaces with diamond grains with a grain diameter of 30 μm and diamond grains with a grain diameter of 50 μm and treated with the plating process according to the invention, the clamping load for the paper for lifting a weight of 50 g is approximately one third as much as the clamping load for the not machined gripping surface of the gripping part according to the existing product.
    Fig. 6D illustrates measurement results of a clamping load of the gripped sample of 2 cm × 2 cm chicken skin (a piece of skin of a young chicken, produced in Yamagata Prefecture with a uniform thickness of 0.1 to 0.15 mm) for an untreated gripping surface of the Gripping part corresponding to the comparative example, furthermore a clamping load of the gripped sample for the gripping surface on which the first diamond grains with a grain diameter of 30 μm or 50 μm were attached and which were treated with the plating method according to the invention.
    In the comparative example, the clamping force for holding the chicken skin so that it continuously holds a weight of 20 g is about 10 g. For the gripping surface with the attached diamond grains with a grain diameter of 30 µm and treated with the plating method according to the invention, the clamping force for lifting a weight of 20 g is about 40, and for the grip surface with attached diamond grains with a grain diameter of 50 µm and treated with the plating method according to the invention, the clamping force for lifting a weight of 20 g is approximately 20 g.
    For the gripping surface with attached diamond grains with a grain diameter of 30 microns and treated with the plating process according to the invention, the clamping force for the chicken skin for lifting a weight of 20 g is about a quarter of the clamping force for the untreated gripping surface of the gripping part corresponding to the existing product. For the gripping surface to which the diamond grains with a grain diameter of 50 μm are attached and which have been treated with the plating process according to the invention, the clamping force of the chicken skin for lifting a weight of 20 g is about one eighth of the clamping force for the untreated gripping surface of the gripping part according to the existing product.
    Operations of the plating method for a gripping surface of a gripping tool according to the invention are explained below.
    In the plating method for a gripping surface of a gripping tool according to the invention, a plurality of first diamond grains can be attached uniformly and securely, so that heads of the first diamond grains having a uniform first grain diameter can be aligned. Accordingly, stainless steel foil, paper, sewing thread, and chicken skin having different hardnesses can be gripped with little force of approximately one-third to one-tenth a gripping force of the comparative example in which the plating process was not carried out.
    <Second embodiment>
    In the following, needle holders to which the plating method according to the invention was applied are described.
    7A and 7B are photographs of examples of a needle holder as a gripping tool to which the plating method according to the embodiment of the invention is preferably applied.
    A needle holder shown in Fig. 7A is an example of a needle holder that grips a suturing needle or suture used in an operation of neurosurgery, cardiac surgery, or the like. A micro needle holder for a depth region as shown in Fig. 7B is a needle holder for an operation in a depth region in neurosurgery and particularly in the pituitary gland or the like, the entirety of the needle holder having an elongated shape.
    The microneedle holders of Figs. 7A and 7B have a gripping part at a tip, and the rear part of a portion which a doctor grips via a point of application is provided with an elastic body such as e.g. a plate spring or the like. In addition, the micro needle holders have a locking mechanism for gripping and holding a sewing needle.
    The needle holders grip a sewing needle with a gripping part at a tip, and they serve to wind a sewing thread around the gripping part. Accordingly, diamond grains are attached (securely fixed) to the gripping surface of the gripping member, and there is a need that diamond grains are not attached to areas other than the gripping surface. If diamond grains are attached to areas other than the gripping surface, suture thread wrapped around the gripping member may be damaged or cut. With the aid of the masking process described above (see FIG. 1B) and the first and the third coating process (see FIGS. 1C, 1D and 2A), the diamond grains are only attached to the gripping surface of the gripping part.
    As shown in Figs. 7A and 7B, by carrying out the plating process according to the invention to fix diamond grains to a gripping surface on the inside of the gripping part in the region of a tip of a micro-needle holder, a clamping force applied to an area a doctor takes to a living tissue such as gripping a biological membrane, a blood vessel, or the like is reduced to approximately one third of the clamping force in the needle holder of the comparative example. Thus, the coating or plating method of the present invention is preferably a coating treatment method for a gripping surface of a needle holder in microsurgery, which is used for a neurosurgical operation, a cardiac surgical operation and the like.
    Fig. 8A is a photograph of an example of a needle holder on which the coating treatment method according to the embodiment of the invention was carried out. 8B is an enlarged photograph of the gripping surface of the needle holder to which the coating treating method according to the embodiment of the invention was applied.
    Fig. 9A is a photograph of an existing needle holder with ultra-hard grain powders soldered. Fig. 9B is a photograph in a state where the existing needle holder is opened. 9C is an enlarged photograph of the gripping surface of the needle holder of the comparative example.
    In the enlarged photograph shown in Fig. 8B, diamond grains are evenly distributed, and a state in which the unevenness is slightly uneven is observed. On the other hand, in the enlarged photograph of Fig. 9, diamond grains on the gripping surface of the existing needle holder with the powdery ultra-hard grains soldered are not identifiable, and a state in which the unevenness of the gripping surface is coarse is observed.
    Actions of the needle holders of the embodiments will be explained below.
    As shown in FIGS. 8B and 9C, it can be seen that the needle holders to which the coating treatment method according to the invention has been carried out can grasp a sewing needle or a suture thread even when a clamping force acting on a gripped area is small is in comparison with the needle holders of the comparative examples on which the ultra-hard grain powder is soldered.
    In addition, the hardness of diamond grains obtained on the gripping surface of the needle holder to which the coating treatment method of the present invention was applied is approximately four times the hardness of tungsten carbide. Therefore, the needle holders to which the coating treatment method of the present invention was applied are superior to the needle holders of the comparative examples in terms of wear resistance.
    <Third embodiment>
    The following explains tweezers on which the coating treatment method of the present invention was carried out.
    11A to 11C are photographs illustrating examples of tweezers as preferred grasping tools on which the coating treating method according to the embodiment of the present invention was carried out.
    Fig. 11A is an example of micro-forceps for sewing equipped with a locking mechanism for holding a sewing needle. Fig. 11B is an example of a micro-pliers without a locking mechanism used for purposes other than sewing. Fig. 11C is an example of a micro-forceps for a depth range used for an operation on the brain, e.g. on the pituitary gland or the like.
    Gripping forces of the micro-forceps shown in Figs. 11A to 11C are improved by carrying out the coating treating method according to the embodiment of the invention on the gripping surface on the inside of the gripping part of the tip.
    Operations of the tweezers of this embodiment will be explained below.
    It can be seen that the forceps, e.g. the micro-forceps or the like, on which the coating treatment method according to the embodiment of the invention was carried out, can grip with a clamping force applied to a gripped area which is one third to one tenth of the clamping force of the tweezers according to the comparative example, in which the coating Treatment process on the gripping surface was not carried out. In addition, since the hardness of diamond grains in the tweezers to which the coating treatment method according to the embodiment of the invention was carried out is large, they are excellent in wear resistance.
    Surfaces on which the coating treatment method according to the embodiment of the invention has been carried out are taken as examples and explained as follows:
    12A to 12C are enlarged photographs representing examples of the areas on which the coating treatment method according to the embodiment of FIG.
    Looking at the surface of the photograph shown in FIG. 12A, diamond grains with a grain diameter of a few μm are densely and uniformly attached. By carrying out the coating treatment process with diamond grains having a grain diameter of several µm and tightly and uniformly attached, the gripping surface functions as a non-slip surface. By carrying out a coating treatment process in which diamond grains having a grain diameter of several µm which are tightly and uniformly conveyed as shown in Fig. 12A on a pin of a conveyor, the semiconductor product or the like, or on a contact surface of a chuck, a roller or the like functions the tenon or the surface as a slip-free surface.
    Further, by observing the surface in the enlarged photograph shown in Fig. 12B, it can be seen that diamond grains with a grain diameter of several tens of µm are roughly attached while those with a grain diameter of several µm are evenly placed among the diamond grains with a grain diameter of several ten µm are attached. The height of the heads of the diamond grains with a grain diameter of several µm is less than the height of the heads of the diamond grains with a grain diameter of several tens of µm. By implementing such a surface structure, cavities are created under the diamond grains with a grain diameter of several tens of µm. For this reason, a piece of meat is pressed into the voids between the diamond grains with a grain diameter of several tens of µm when the piece of meat is grasped. As a result, the gripping force is improved. Coating with diamond grains including those having grain diameters of two different types as shown in Fig. 12B is preferably a coating treatment process for a gripping surface of micro-tweezers (forceps) or the like that grip a biological membrane, a blood vessel, a piece of meat or the like.
    In the enlarged photograph shown in FIG. 12C, it can be seen that the surface has diamond grains with a grain diameter of several tens of μm, which are fastened with a higher density than in FIG. 12B, while diamond grains with a grain diameter of several μm are placed evenly under the diamond grains with a grain diameter of ten µm. By implementing a structure in which the diamond grains having a grain diameter of several tens of µm are attached at high density, the gripping force can be increased even when a small clamping force is applied. This is preferably a coating treatment method for a gripping surface of micro-forceps (forceps or the like) that grasp a biological membrane, a blood vessel, a piece of meat, or the like.
    Modified examples of the embodiments according to the invention are finally explained.
    The embodiments according to the invention related to examples in which the coating processing method according to the invention is applied to a needle holder for microsurgery, and to micro-forceps. However, the coating treatment method of the present invention is not limited to a needle holder for microsurgery, micro-forceps, and the like. The coating treatment method of the present invention is also possible in other applications which serve to achieve a slip-resistant texture through a surface coating treatment process, e.g. for the assembly of a semiconductor, for disc brakes in the position alignment of a robot or the like.
    Further, the embodiments of the invention related to examples in which the coating treatment method according to the invention was applied to a needle holder or micro-forceps that a skilled surgeon uses for microsurgery. However, the embodiments are also applicable to a gripping tool used in a medical robot, an endoscopic operation, and a laparoscopic operation.
    The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments described above; it can be configured and implemented in different ways within the scope of protection without departing from the basic concept of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    A method for coating treatment of a gripping surface of a gripping tool, comprising:Placing the gripping tool on the bottom of a first coating solution, which is an electroplating solution with nickel ions as a main component, so that the gripping surface can assume a horizontal position, placing several first diamond grains with a uniform first grain diameter on the gripping surface in an amount that the Can cover gripping surface, and provisionally fixing the first diamond grains on the gripping surface by applying nickel to the gripping surface in a state in which the gripping surface remains stationary until a positional relationship between the gripping surface and the first diamond grains is unchangeable even when the gripping tool is moved;Removing first diamond grains that were not provisionally fixed after provisionally fixing the first diamond grains, placing the gripping tool on the bottom of a second plating solution which is an electroplating solution with nickel ions as a main component or an electroless plating solution which forms a nickel alloy film by autocatalysis, in such a way that the gripping surface assumes a horizontal position, and attaching the first diamond grains to the gripping surface by further applying a nickel-containing metal within the second coating solution to the gripping surface in a uniform thickness which does not exceed the first grain diameter;Placing the gripping tool at the bottom of the second coating solution such that the gripping surface assumes a horizontal position after the first diamond grains have been attached; andPlacing a plurality of second diamond grains with a second grain diameter smaller than the first grain diameter on a metal surface of the gripping surface on which the first diamond grains are not present and which is formed by applying the nickel-containing metal, and attaching the second diamond grains to the metal surface by further application of the nickel-containing metal in the second coating solution on the metal surface in a uniform thickness which heads of the plurality of first diamond grains with the first grain diameter and heads of the second diamond grains with the second grain diameter does not exceed until a positional relationship between the metal surface and the second diamond grains also at Movement of the gripping tool is invariable.
    [2]
    2. The method for coating treatment according to claim 1, wherein the first diamond bodies can be set in a desired distribution density with respect to an area size of the gripping surface by setting at least one of the first grain diameter, a time fixation period and an amount of electrical current flowing through the gripping surface.
    [3]
    3. The method of coating treatment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first grain diameter is equal to or smaller than 140 µm.
    [4]
    4. The method for coating treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:Applying a gold plating process to the gripping surface of the gripping tool to which the first and second diamond grains are attached.
    [5]
    5. The method of coating treatment according to claim 1, further comprising:before the first diamond grains are temporarily fixed, carrying out a degreasing process to remove oil and grease from the gripping surface of the gripping tool, a masking process to prevent the first diamond grains from sticking to a different area than the gripping surface on which the nickel plating process is carried out and an acid treatment to form or remove an oxide film on or from the gripping surface.
    [6]
    6. Gripping tool in whichseveral first diamond grains with a uniform first grain diameter are attached to a gripping surface by a nickel-containing metal layer in a thickness that does not exceed the first grain diameter, in a state in which the first diamond grains are in contact with the gripping surface and are evenly distributed, so that the tips of the first diamond grains can be aligned, anda plurality of second diamond grains with a second grain diameter smaller than the first grain diameter, attached by a nickel-containing metal layer, the gripping surface on the nickel-containing metal layer in which the first diamond grains are not present, in a uniform thickness, which causes heads of the diamond grains with the first Grain diameter and the second grain diameter protrude.
    [7]
    7. Gripping tool according to claim 6, wherein the first grain diameter is equal to or smaller than 140 µm.
    [8]
    8. The gripping tool of claim 6, further comprising:a gold plating layer on surfaces of the metal layer and the first and second diamond grains attached by the metal layer.
    [9]
    9. Gripping tool according to claim 6 in the form of a needle holder for gripping a sewing needle.
    [10]
    A gripping tool according to claim 6 in the form of tweezers for an operation that involves living tissue such as e.g. grips a biological membrane, blood vessels or the like.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102016101132B4|2021-02-04|
    US20180187325A1|2018-07-05|
    DE102016101132A1|2017-01-12|
    CH711268A2|2016-12-30|
    SG10201600676UA|2017-01-27|
    US10883186B2|2021-01-05|
    US9957633B2|2018-05-01|
    JP2017014542A|2017-01-19|
    US20160376721A1|2016-12-29|
    JP5824182B1|2015-11-25|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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